The Man Who Killed Quantrill. He was the son of a hatter who an enthusiastic pro-slavery man would often abandon his family for long periods to go gold prospecting. They murdered my family when I was a schoolboy and I was launched into a life of shooting, reprisals and rough-riding." So . These "guerrilla shirts" were pullovers with a deep v-neckline and four large pockets. They relied on knowledge of the local terrain for survival. declared martial law in August 1861, giving Union forces broad powers to suppress those who resisted Union control. [29], In early summer 1863, Anderson was made a lieutenant, serving in a unit led by George M. Todd. [65], On July 6, a Confederate sympathizer brought Anderson newspapers containing articles about him. Other nearby markers. 1:27. [117] However, Frank James, who participated in the attack, later defended the guerrillas' actions, arguing that the federal troops were marching under a black flag, indicating that they intended to show no mercy. Brown had devoted significant attention to the border area, Anderson led raids in Cooper County and Johnson County, Missouri, robbing local residents. He thought the cashier was an informant. Marker is at or near this postal address: 100 West Main Street, Richmond MO 64085, United States of America. Bloody Bill Anderson - Lies and Sensationalism. On July 15, 1864 "Bloody Bill" Anderson returned home. [96] Although a large group of guerrillas was assembled, their leaders felt there were no promising targets to attack because all of the large towns nearby were heavily guarded. [80] In 1863, most Union troops left Missouri and only four regiments remained there. From Donald Hale's book " They call him Bloody Bill" it stated that Cox had sent a Lt. Baker to act as bait to lure Bill & his troops into an ambush. Anderson subsequently returned to Missouri as the leader of his own group of raiders and became the most feared guerrilla in the state, robbing and killing a large number of Union soldiers and civilian sympathizers. William T. Anderson (1839 - October 26, 1864), better known as "Bloody Bill," was one of the deadliest and most brutal pro-Confederate guerrilla leaders in the American Civil War.Anderson led a band of Missouri Partisan rangers* that targeted Union loyalists and Federal soldiers in Missouri and Kansas. [166] According to journalist T.J. Stiles, Anderson was not necessarily a "sadistic fiend",[167] but illustrated how young men became part of a "culture of atrocity" during the war. Your choice of white or . [33] In August 1863, however, Union General Thomas Ewing, Jr. attempted to thwart the guerrillas by arresting their female relatives,[34] and Anderson's sisters were confined in a three-story building on Grand Avenue in Kansas City with a number of other girls. They often used unorthodox tactics to fight Union troops, such as using a small party of horsemen to lure them into an ambush. [10], In the late 1850s, Ellis Anderson fled to Iowa after killing a native American. He worked with his brother Jim, their friend Lee Griffith and several accomplices strung along the Santa Fe Trail. [68] The letters were given to Union generals and were not published for 20 years. Anderson led a band that targeted Union loyalists and Federal soldiers in Missouri and Kansas. He became a skilled bushwhacker, earning the trust of the group's leaders, William Quantrill and George M. Todd. [140][139] He left the area with 150 men. For the more effectual annoyance of the enemy upon our rivers and in our mountains and woods all citizens of this district who are not conscripted are called upon to organize themselves into independent companies of mounted men or infantry, as they prefer, arming themselves and to serve in that part of the district to which they belong. NPS Ozark Historic Research Study (Submitted on October 1, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania. 11, but guerrilla activity continued throughout the war in other regions of the state. Richeson, Richerson, Richardson originally from Taylor County, Kentucky. Longley's Bloody Bill Anderson Mystery Group on July 13, 2009: " Francis M Richardson was a carpenter as shown in the 1860 Grayson County Texas Census. John Russell. "Born in Kentucky in 1839 before moving to Missouri and eventually living in Kansas when the Civil War started, Bill Anderson soon earned the nom de plume "Bloody Bill.". [21][f] William Quantrill, a Confederate guerrilla leader, later claimed to have encountered Reed's company in July and rebuked them for robbing Confederate sympathizers;[22] in their biography of Anderson, Albert Castel and Tom Goodrich speculate that this rebuke may have resulted in a deep resentment of Quantrill by Anderson. The rest rushed to obey the orders. [48] After a dead raider was scalped by a Union-allied Lenape Indian during the pursuit, one guerrilla leader pledged to adopt the practice of scalping. , Cole Younger, 1913. The act sanctioned guerrilla activities against the Union army while attempting to gain some measure of control over the guerrillas. While they rested at the house, a group of local men attacked. They may be found on the 1850 Census of Randolph County,MO. On the western Missouri border, especially, much of the hardships experienced by these families could be traced to the violence of the 1850s Kansas Missouri Border War. [24] Confederate General Sterling Price failed to gain control of Missouri in his 1861 offensive and retreated into Arkansas, leaving only partisan rangers and local guerrillas known as "bushwhackers" to challenge Union dominance. [59] It is likely that this incident angered Anderson, who then took 20 men to visit the town of Sherman. One one hand, they were useful, serving to tie down Union forces. He took a leading role in the Lawrence Massacre and later took part in the Battle of Baxter Springs, both in 1863. Born in Kentucky in 1839 before moving to Missouri and eventually living in Kansas when the Civil War started, Bill Anderson soon earned the non de plume "Bloody Bill.". [148] Union soldiers buried Anderson's body in a field near Richmond in a fairly well-built coffin. [51] The guerrillas charged the Union forces, killing about 100. Then I noticed Bloody Bill Anderson and he has a very small existence in Josey Wales. Although Union supporters viewed him as incorrigibly evil, Confederate supporters in Missouri saw his actions as justifiable. Anderson and his companion "took a negro girl of 12 or 13 years old into . Most fought to protect or revenge their families from what they saw as injustices heaped upon them by the Union army and Union sympathizers. Others, like William Anderson, had already entered a dark abyss from which there was no return and no escape except death. Bloody Bill Anderson Name bad men in history, Caligula - Hitler - Charles Manson, more? USA. ; Battle of Albany Civil War Marker near Orrick, Mo. This is his story. Anderson planned to destroy railroad infrastructure in Centralia, Missouri. The Dalton boys grew up outside of Coffeyville and . The Wild West Extravaganza is a history podcast that delves into the fascinating and often tumultuous world of the American Old West. Doing some quick math on the number of men who rode with Quantrill, numbers around 700 ( those who can be named), maybe more. Often group sizes fluctuated as they came together for larger raids and then broke apart after the raid. Concluding that eliminating the bushw[h]acker's support network would. Marker is on the Ray County Courthouse grounds. They acquired arms where they could, including taking what was left behind on the battlefield. It could be interpreted that the bugler picked up a total of 6 pistols that belonged, possibly to the other men that fell with Anderson. [14] However, the group was attacked by the Union's 6th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry in Vernon County, Missouri;[e] the cavalry likely assumed they were Confederate guerrillas. [55] Anderson ignored Quantrill's request to wait until after the war and a dispute erupted, which resulted in Anderson separating his men from Quantrill's band. [98] They found a large supply of whiskey and all began drinking. The Death of William Anderson [97], On the morning of September 27, 1864, Anderson left his camp with about 75 men to scout for Union forces. The Fate of the Bushwhackers [123] They burned Rocheport to the ground on October 2; the town was under close scrutiny by Union forces, owing to the number of Confederate sympathizers there, but General Fisk maintained that the fire was accidental. Touch for map. If they were Bill's, he would have had 7 pistols on his person which to me is a little hard to believe. [64] The next day, in southeast Jackson County, Anderson's group ambushed a wagon train carrying members of the Union 1st Northeast Missouri Cavalry, killing nine. [128] On October 6, Anderson and his men began travelling to meet General Price in Boonville, Missouri;[124][129] they arrived and met the general on October 11. The Federal command in St. Louis, Mo. William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson (circa 1838 - October 26, 1864) was a pro-Confederate guerrilla leader in the American Civil War. That being said,if you multiply 700 troops times 6 revolvers each, that comes to 4200 pistols. Gen. Thomas C. Hindman was the head of the Confederate Army's Trans Mississippi Department in Little Rock, Ark. Anderson was described as "nearly six feet tall, of rather swarthy complexion and had long, black hair, inclined to curl. Bushwhacker activities in Missouri increased as a response to Federal occupation and increasingly brutal attacks and raids by Kansas soldiers, or jayhawkers. [16] In May 1862, Judge Baker issued an arrest warrant for Griffith, whom Anderson helped hide. En route, some guerrillas robbed a Union supporter, but Anderson knew the man and reimbursed him. They buried him in an unmarked grave in Richmond's Pioneer Cemetery. [88] On August 27, Union soldiers killed at least three of Anderson's men in an engagement near Rocheport. Rains, son of rebel Gen. Bloody Bill Anderson got little respect in death. Anderson participated in Quantrill's raid on Lawrence, Kansas on August 21, 1863. [165] Castel and Goodrich view Anderson as one of the war's most savage and bitter combatants, but they also argue that the war made savages of many others. He favored swift execution of captured guerrillas. The Missouri in the Civil War Message Board - Archive is maintained by Webmaster Topics and series. [110] By mid-afternoon, the 39th Missouri Volunteer Infantry had arrived in Centralia. [50], They departed earlier in the year than they had planned, owing to increased Union pressure. These "guerrilla shirts" were pullovers with a deep v-neckline and four large pockets. and also on the Agnes City Census of Kansas in 1850. Erected by Missouri State Parks. Bloody Bill Anderson "Bill Anderson!" William Clarke Quantrill commands. Assuming, of course, that you're brave enough to get within handgun range of those animals. Its frame and grip initially matched the Navy in size, but Colt later lengthened the grip to absorb. [72] Anderson's men robbed the town's depository, gaining about $40,000 (equivalent to $693,000 in 2021) in the robbery, although Anderson returned some money to the friend he had met at the hotel. [86], On August 13, Anderson and his men traveled through Ray County, Missouri, to the Missouri River, where they engaged Union militia. Get A Copy Kindle Unlimited $0.00 Amazon Stores Date Posted: 8/12/2009 1:51:23 PM. They relied on knowledge of the local terrain for survival. The Civil War was a brutal and savage conflict, but try as I might, I can't think of anyone as bloodthirsty as William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson. [131] Price instructed Anderson to travel to the Missouri railroad and disrupt rail traffic,[129] making Anderson a de facto Confederate captain. Bloody Bill's Guns Bill Langley had used a number of different guns during his career as a killer. After Bill Anderson's death in Richmond, Missouri on October 27, 1864 his brother Jim Anderson gathered together their surviving sisters, Mollie and Mattie and took them to Sherman, Texas. [122] In the aftermath of the massacre, Union soldiers committed several revenge killings of Confederate-sympathizing civilians. Forces of Change and the Enduring Ozark Frontier: The Civil War. TII Armory's James Tow says it's powerful enough to ethically take any game animal on the planet, including all the African Big 5. Usually a wife, sister, mother or sweetheart used ribbons, shells and needlework to create the ellaborately [sic] decorated shirts. At the end of P.R. [Photo captions, clockwise from top left, read] , . Born about 1839 in Kentucky, the family early moved to Missouri, where William grew up near the town of Huntsville in Randolph County. After a building collapse in the makeshift jail in Kansas City, Missouri, left one of them dead in custody and the other permanently maimed, Anderson devoted himself to revenge. Historians have made disparate appraisals of Anderson; some see him as a sadistic, psychopathic killer, while others put his actions into the perspective of the general desperation and lawlessness of the time and the brutalization effect of war. Anderson himself was killed a month later in battle. They were still suffering from the wounds inflicted by Jayhawkers in their attempt to murder them while being held as prisoners during the summer of 1863. arms army asked attack August Baker band began better Bill Anderson Bloody Bill body brother bushwhackers called camp Castel Centralia City Clark close commander Company Confederate. On this day during the Civil War in 1864, the notorious Confederate guerrilla leader William "Bloody Bill" Anderson was shot and killed. After a brief gunfight, Baker and his brother-in-law fled into the store's basement. If they were caught, Federals considered them criminals not prisoners of war. Marshal, but spoke amicably with an acquaintance he found there. [138] Local residents gathered $5,000, which they gave to Anderson; he then released the man, who died of his injuries in 1866. Anderson, William William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson was born in Kentucky in 1839; he migrated with his family from Missouri to the Council Grove, Kansas area before the war. 100, in April 1863, set a national policy, outlining guerrillas and their treatment. "Bloody" Bill Anderson (1840-1864), the most prolific mass murderer on the American frontier. The Union militias sometimes rode slower horses and may have been intimidated by Anderson's reputation. ; Battle of Lexington State Historic Site in Lexington, Mo. They drew the Union troops to the top of a hill; a group of guerrillas led by Anderson had been stationed at the bottom and other guerrillas hid nearby. Quantrill attained near-unanimous consent to travel 40 miles (64km) into Union territory to strike Lawrence. [157], After the war, information about Anderson initially spread through memoirs of Civil War combatants and works by amateur historians. 1844) after his marriage in Ohio in 1864 are unclear aside from the fact that he appears to have died prior to Milton. Two Confederate soldiers carrying double-barreled shotguns, a favorite weapon early in the Civil War. In addition, it is included in the Missouri - A State Divided: The Civil War in Missouri series list. Anderson's horse, saddle & 2 pistols were presented later to a general. [135] After Confederate forces under General Joseph O. Shelby conquered Glasgow, Anderson traveled to the city to loot. Official Records of the American Civil War, "Sideshow no longer: A historiographical review of the guerrilla war", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_T._Anderson&oldid=1137633714, People of Missouri in the American Civil War, People with sadistic personality disorder, Confederate States of America military personnel killed in the American Civil War, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Use shortened footnotes from November 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 17:50. The order was intended to undermine the guerrillas' support network in Missouri. . Answer: Coffeyville. [143] The victory made a hero of Cox and led to his promotion. The Missouri act was an offshoot of the Confederate Partisan Ranger Act instituted by Confederate President Jefferson Davis in April 1862. [119], Anderson left the Centralia area on September 27, pursued for the first time by Union forces equipped with artillery. Location: Missouri, United States. Bushwhackers and Jayhawkers. By the time the war started, Missouri's pro-rebel guerrillas were known as . [63], Anderson and his men rested in Texas for several months before returning to Missouri. [39] Anderson was placed in charge of 40 men, of which he was perhaps the angriest and most motivatedhis fellow guerrillas considered him one of the deadliest fighters there. [145], Union soldiers identified Anderson by a letter found in his pocket and paraded his body through the streets of Richmond, Missouri. [85], In early August, Anderson and his men traveled to Clay County. [27], In May 1863, Anderson joined members of Quantrill's Raiders on a foray near Council Grove, Kansas,[27] in which they robbed a store 15 miles (24km) west of the town. The Missouri Partisan Ranger Act , On July 17, 1862, Confederate Gen. Thomas Hindman issued the Missouri Partisan Ranger Act. It is possible that Jim Anderson might have married Bloody Bill's widow IF the 22 August 1866 marriage of J. M. Anderson and Malinda Anderson was the marriage of James Madison Anderson and Malinda Bush Smith. Some bands of guerrillas, like William Quantrill's, had 400 or more members, but most were much smaller. On June 12, 1864, Anderson and 50 of his men engaged 15 members of the Missouri State Militia, killing and robbing 12. [60] Sutherland described Anderson's betrayal of Quantrill as a "Judas" turn. [70] On July 15, Anderson and his men entered Huntsville, Missouri and occupied the town's business district. These regiments were composed of troops from out of state, who sometimes mistreated local residents, further motivating the guerrillas and their supporters.
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