VEDANTAM: There are phrases in every language that are deeply evocative and often, untranslatable. We also look at how. We'd say, oh, well, we don't have magnets in our beaks or in our scales or whatever. It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. (Speaking Japanese). As soon as you move the leg, it becomes a different leg. And if it was feminine, then you're likely to paint death as a woman. The size of this effect really quite surprised me because I would have thought at the outset that, you know, artists are these iconoclasts. VEDANTAM: Lera Boroditsky is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. Opening scene of Lady Bird Flight attendant Steven Slater slides from a plane after quitting Transcript Podcast: Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. So - but if I understand correctly, I would be completely at sea if I visited this aboriginal community in Australia because I have often absolutely no idea where I am or where I'm going. Language as it evolved was just talking to an extent that can be very hard for we literate people to imagine. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. So for example, for English speakers - people who read from left to right - time tends to flow from left to right. You have to do it in order to fit into the culture and to speak the language. Each language comprises the ideas that have been worked out in a culture over thousands of generations, and that is an incredible amount of cultural heritage and complexity of thought that disappears whenever a language dies. They know which way is which. Evaluating Changes in Motivation, Values, and Well-being, Goal Striving, Need Satisfaction, and Longitudinal Well-being: The Self-Concordance Model, Personal Strivings: An Approach to Personality and Subjective Well-being, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. VEDANTAM: The moment she heard it, Jennifer realized mendokusai was incredibly useful. What a cynical thing to say, but that doesn't mean that it might not be true. Transcript Speaker 1 00:00:00 this is hidden brain. We'll be back momentarily. JERRY SEINFELD: (As Jerry Seinfeld) The second button literally makes or breaks the shirt. But actually, that's exactly how people in those communities come to stay oriented - is that they learn it, (laughter) right? - so one skull but two different minds, and you shift from one to the other. If you are a podcaster, the best way to manage your podcasts on Listen Notes is by claiming your Listen Notes You can't know, but you can certainly know that if could listen to people 50 years from now, they'd sound odd. Cholera and malnourishment await Somalis fleeing . He's a professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia University and the author of the book "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. MCWHORTER: Yeah, I really do. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #4: (Speaking foreign language). Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. And so language changed just like the clouds in the sky. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #2: (Speaking foreign language). There are different ways to be a psychologist. The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators and The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, by Neil Rackham and John Carlisle, Journal of European Industrial Training, 1978. podcast pages. It's part of a general running indication that everything's OK between you and the other person, just like one's expected to smile a little bit in most interactions. That's what it's all about. Sociologist Lisa Wade believes the pervasive hookup culture on campuses today is different from that faced by previous generations. And maybe the convenience store or the shop is really not that far away. Hidden Brain - Transcripts Hidden Brain - Transcripts Subscribe 435 episodes Share Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. So the way you say hi in Kuuk Thaayorre is to say, which way are you heading? Hidden Brain. It's testament to the incredible ingenuity and complexity of the human mind that all of these different perspectives on the world have been invented. MCWHORTER: Yes, Shankar, that's exactly it. Language was talk. VEDANTAM: Would it be possible to use what we have learned about how words and languages evolve to potentially write what a dictionary might look like in 50 years or a hundred years? And so to address that question, what we do is we bring English speakers into the lab, and we teach them grammatical genders in a new language that we invent. JENNIFER GEACONE-CRUZ: My name is Jennifer Geacone-Cruz. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #11: (Speaking Russian). * Data source: directly measured on Listen Notes. When language was like that, of course it changed a lot - fast - because once you said it, it was gone. So for example, you might not imagine the color shirt that he's wearing or the kinds of shoes that he's wearing. al (Eds. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways we can find joy and happiness in our everyday lives. Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. Imagine this. I had this cool experience when I was there. It's too high. You may link to our content and copy and paste episode descriptions and Additional Resources into your invitations. I want everybody to have the fun I'm having. But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? Going the Distance on the Pacific Crest Trail: The Vital Role of Identified Motivation, by Kennon M. Sheldon, Motivation Science, 2020. That's because change is hard. If a transcript is available, you'll see a Transcript button which expands to reveal the full transcript. So when I ask you to, say, imagine a man walking down the street, well, in your imagery, you're going to have some details completed and some will be left out. That hadn't started then. In this week's My Unsung Hero, Sarah Feldman thanks someone for their gift more than 20 years ago. But, you know, John, something gnaws at me every time I hear the word used wrong. I think that the tone that many people use when they're complaining that somebody says Billy and me went to the store is a little bit incommensurate with the significance of the issue. Transcript The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. LERA BORODITSKY: The categorization that language provides to you becomes real - becomes psychologically real. I've always found that a very grating way to ask for something at a store. Because were a small team, we dont have a publicly-available list of every piece of music that we use. It seems kind of elliptical, like, would it be possible that I obtained? BORODITSKY: Yeah, that's true. And to arrive in a new place where you can't tell a joke and can't express an idea - oh, it's just really painful because you feel like your whole self is hiding inside and no one can see it. Could this affect the way, you know, sexism, conscious or unconscious, operates in our world? This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. Lots of languages make a distinction between things that are accidents and things that are intentional actions. So maybe they're saying bridges are beautiful and elegant, not because they're grammatically feminine in the language, but because the bridges they have are, in fact, more beautiful and elegant. How else would you do it? They shape our place in it. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. BORODITSKY: Yeah. And it sounds a little bit abrupt and grabby like you're going to get something instead of being given. BORODITSKY: And Russian is a language that has grammatical gender, and different days of the week have different genders for some reason. MCWHORTER: Thank you for having me, Shankar. And, of course, you always have to wonder, well, could it be that speakers of these different languages are actually seeing different kinds of bridges? Of course that's how you BORODITSKY: And so what was remarkable for me was that my brain figured out a really good solution to the problem after a week of trying, right? GEACONE-CRUZ: And I ended up living there for 10 years. But I don't think that it's always clear to us that language has to change in that things are going to come in that we're going to hear as intrusions or as irritating or as mistakes, despite the fact that that's how you get from, say, old Persian to modern Persian. What Makes Lawyers Happy? This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. Imagine you meet somebody, they're 39 and you take their picture. GEACONE-CRUZ: It's a Sunday afternoon, and it's raining outside. Parents and peers influence our major life choices, but they can also steer us in directions that leave us deeply unsatisfied. The best Podcast API to search all podcasts and episodes. Lera is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Think Again: The Power of Knowing What You Dont Know, Refusing to Apologize can have Psychological Benefits, The Effects of Conflict Types, Dimensions, and Emergent States on Group Outcomes, Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators, The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. Whats going on here? It should just be, here is the natural way, then there's some things that you're supposed to do in public because that's the way it is, whether it's fair or not. Official Website Airs on: SUN 7pm-8pm 55:27 Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button Feb 27 Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. And it's sad that we're not going to be able to make use of them and learn them and celebrate them. And they asked me all kinds of questions about them. So you can't see time. So the question for us has been, how do we build these ideas? VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. Parents and peers influence our major life choices. In the United States, we often praise people with strong convictions, and look down on those who express doubt or hesitation. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #2: (As character) Right. Read the episode transcript. Today's episode was the first in our You 2.0 series, which runs all this month. We'll also look at how languages evolve, and why we're sometimes resistant to those changes. Whats going on here? So one possibility for bilinguals would be that they just have two different minds inside - right? But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #3: (Speaking foreign language). Maybe it's even less than a hundred meters away, but you just can't bring yourself to even throw your coat on over your pajamas and put your boots on and go outside and walk those hundred meters because somehow it would break the coziness. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. "Most of the laughter we produce is purely . And you can even teach people to have a little bit of fun with the artifice. VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a feeling or an experience. VEDANTAM: It took just one week of living in Japan for Jennifer to pick up an important, VEDANTAM: There isn't a straightforward translation of this phrase in English. But if they were sitting facing north, they would lay out the story from right to left. The dictionary says both uses are correct. And some people would say it's a lot more because it's, you know, irrecoverable and not reduplicated elsewhere. Psychologist Ken Sheldon studies the science of figuring out what you want. According to neuroscientists who study laughter, it turns out that chuckles and giggles often aren't a response to humorthey're a response to people. And it really is an illusion that what language is, is something that sits still. In the second episode of our "Relationships 2.0" series, psychologist Do you ever struggle to communicate with your mom? You also see huge differences in other domains like number. MCWHORTER: Yes, that's exactly true. podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9rd1djMGxoZg==, open.spotify.com/show/20Gf4IAauFrfj7RBkjcWxh. Accuracy and availability may vary. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. She once visited an aboriginal community in northern Australia and found the language they spoke forced her mind to work in new ways. So there are some differences that are as big as you can possibly measure. And it irritates people, but there's a different way of seeing literally. We talk with psychologist Iris Mauss, who explains why happiness can seem more el, When we want something very badly, it can be hard to see warning signs that might be obvious to other people. And as soon as I saw that happen, I thought, oh, this makes it so much easier. VEDANTAM: I asked Lera how describing the word chair or the word bridge as masculine or feminine changes the way that speakers of different languages think about those concepts. Today, we explore the many facets of this idea. Goal Striving, Need Satisfaction, and Longitudinal Well-being: The Self-Concordance Model, by Kennon M. Sheldon and Andrew J. Elliot, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1999. It turns out, as you point out, that in common usage, literally literally means the opposite of literally. It is the very fabric, the very core of your experience. He says there are things we can do to make sure our choices align with our deepest values. As someone who works in media, I often find that people who can write well are often people who know how to think well, so I often equate clarity of writing with clarity of thought. You can support Hidden Brain indirectly by giving to your local NPR station, or you can provide direct support to Hidden Brain by making a gift on our Patreon page. But it's so hard to feel that partly because our brains are on writing, as I say in the book. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #9: (Speaking German). If you, grew up speaking a language other than English, you probably reach for words in your. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Freely Determined: What the New Psychology of the Self Teaches Us About How to Live, Going the Distance on the Pacific Crest Trail: The Vital Role of Identified Motivation, Athletic Scholarships are Negatively Associated with Intrinsic Motivation for Sports, Even Decades Later: Evidence for Long-Term Undermining, Rightly Crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating Goal Self-Concordance Prior to Selection Helps People Choose More Intrinsic Goals, What Makes Lawyers Happy? Because it was. VEDANTAM: I love this analogy you have in the book where you mention how, you know, thinking that a word has only one meaning is like looking at a snapshot taken at one point in a person's life and saying this photograph represents the entirety of what this person looks like. Hidden Brain - You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose Hidden Brain Aug 2, 2021 You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose Play 51 min playlist_add Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the. It Takes Two: The Interpersonal Nature of Empathic Accuracy, by Jamil Zaki, Niall Bolger, Kevin Ochsner, Psychological Science, 2008. And we teach them, for example, to say that bridges and apples and all kinds of other things have the same prefix as women. And then question 21 was, is this person a man or a woman? He's also the author of the book, "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". For more of our Relationships 2.0 series, check out one of our most popular episodes ever about why marriages are so hard. VEDANTAM: I'm Shankar Vedantam. If the language stayed the way it was, it would be like a pressed flower in a book or, as I say, I think it would be like some inflatable doll rather than a person. Just go to the magnifying glass in the top right corner, click on it, and use the search function at the top of the page. Today, we explore the many facets of this idea. But she told me a story about a conversation she had with a native speaker of Indonesian. And they suggest that differences across languages do, in fact, predict some of these measures of gender equality across countries. VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. They often feel angry about it, and you think this anger is actually telling. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. But what I am thinking is, you should realize that even if you don't like it, there's nothing wrong with it in the long run because, for example, Jonathan Swift didn't like it that people were saying kissed instead of kiss-ed (ph) and rebuked instead of rebuk-ed (ph). Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. Those are quirks of grammar literally in stone. UNIDENTIFIED ACTOR #3: (As character) I'm willing to get involved. But it is a completely crucial part of the human experience. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. 4.62. You know, lots of people blow off steam about something they think is wrong, but very few people are willing to get involved and do something about it. BORODITSKY: My family is Jewish, and we left as refugees. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. VEDANTAM: This episode of HIDDEN BRAIN was produced by Rhaina Cohen, Maggie Penman and Thomas Lu with help from Renee Klahr, Jenny Schmidt, Parth Shah and Chloe Connelly. I'm Shankar Vedantam. VEDANTAM: So I want to talk about a debate that's raged in your field for many years. And he started by asking Russian-speaking students to personify days of the week. And one thing that we've noticed is that around the world, people rely on space to organize time. Of course, if you can't keep track of exactly seven, you can't count. VEDANTAM: Our conversation made me wonder about what this means on a larger scale. He says that buying into false beliefs, in other words, deluding ourselves can . I'm Shankar Vedantam. And after listening to you, I realize I might have to finally give in. And as you point out, it's not just that people feel that a word is being misused. VEDANTAM: It took just one week of living in Japan for Jennifer to pick up an important new term. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where. And they have correlated this with gender features in the language, just like the ones you were talking about. But it's a lovely example of how language can guide you to discover something about the world that might take you longer to discover if you didn't have that information in language. This week, we're going to bring you a conversation I had in front of a live audience with Richard Thaler, taped on Halloween at the Willard Intercontinental Hotel in Washington, D. Richard is a professor of behavioral sciences and economics at the University of Chicago and is a well-known author. And, I mean, just in terms of even sounds changing and the way that you put words together changing bit by bit, and there's never been a language that didn't do that. Hidden Brain Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Athletic Scholarships are Negatively Associated with Intrinsic Motivation for Sports, Even Decades Later: Evidence for Long-Term Undermining, by Kennon M. Sheldon and Arlen C. Moller, Motivation Science, 2020. And so somebody says something literally, somebody takes a point literally. This week on Hidden Brain, we revisit a favorite episode exploring what this culture means Jesse always wanted to fall in love. And I would really guess that in a few decades men will be doing it, too. You can also connect directly with our sponsorship representative by emailing [emailprotected]. Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. You do the hokey pokey and you turn yourself around. Updated privacy policy: We have made some changes to our Privacy Policy. You're also not going to do algebra. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. So I think that nobody would say that they don't think language should change. This week, in the second installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Todd Kashdan looks at the relationship between distress and happiness, and how to keep difficult emotions from sabotaging our wellbeing. And to our surprise, 78 percent of the time, we could predict the gender of the personification based on the grammatical gender of the noun in the artist's native language. It's never happened. So you can think about an un-gendered person in the same way that I might think about a person without a specific age or specific height or specific color shirt. And you've conducted experiments that explore how different conceptions of time in different languages shape the way we think about the world and shape the way we think about stories. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. And a girl goes in this pile. Happiness 2.0: The Only Way Out Is Through. A free podcast app for iPhone and Android, Download episodes while on WiFi to listen without using mobile data, Stream podcast episodes without waiting for a download, Queue episodes to create a personal continuous playlist, Web embed players designed to convert visitors to listeners in the RadioPublic apps for iPhone and Android, Capture listener activity with affinity scores, Measure your promotional campaigns and integrate with Google and Facebook analytics, Deliver timely Calls To Action, including email acquistion for your mailing list, Share exactly the right moment in an episode via text, email, and social media, Tip and transfer funds directly to podcastsers, Earn money for qualified plays in the RadioPublic apps with Paid Listens. When she was 12, her family came to the United States from the Soviet Union. I'm Shankar Vedantam, and you're listening to HIDDEN BRAIN. This week, in the final . That kind of detail may not appear. They are ways of seeing the world. But what if there's a whole category of people in your life whose impact is overlooked? BORODITSKY: I had this wonderful opportunity to work with my colleague Alice Gaby in this community called Pormpuraaw in - on Cape York. If you still cant find the episode, try looking through our most recent shows on our homepage. Marcus Butt/Getty Images/Ikon Images Hidden Brain Why Nobody Feels Rich by Shankar Vedantam , Parth Shah , Tara Boyle , Rhaina Cohen September 14, 2020 If you've ever flown in economy class. Hidden Brain Claim By Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Podcasts RSS Web PODCAST SEARCH EPISODES COMMUNITY PODCASTER EDIT SHARE Listen Score LS 84 Global Rank TOP 0.01% ABOUT THIS PODCAST Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. BORODITSKY: Actually, one of the first people to notice or suggest that this might be the case was a Russian linguist, Roman Jakobson. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. I saw this bird's-eye view, and I was this little red dot. Perceived Partner Responsiveness Minimizes Defensive Reactions to Failure, by Peter A. Caprariello and Harry T. Reis, Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2011. Interpersonal Chemistry: What Is It, How Does It Emerge, and How Does it Operate? He didn't like that people were shortening the words. So you have speakers of two different languages look at the same event and come away with different memories of what happened because of the structure of their languages and the way they would normally describe them. Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. ADAM COLE, BYLINE: (Singing) You put your southwest leg in, and you shake it all about. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. Our team includes Laura Kwerel, Adhiti Bandlamudi and our supervising producer Tara Boyle. Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. This is Hidden Brain. And if you don't have a word for exactly seven, it actually becomes very, very hard to keep track of exactly seven. This week, we launch the first of a two-part mini-series on the scie, If you think about the people in your life, it's likely that they share a lot in common with you. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #3: (Speaking foreign language). Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. You would give a different description to mark that it was not intentional. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #1: (Speaking foreign language). And when I listen to people having their peeves, I don't think, stop it. The only question was in which way. This week on Hidden Brain, psychologist Adam Grant describes the magic th VEDANTAM: Around the world, we often hear that many languages are dying, and there are a few megalanguages that are growing and expanding in all kinds of ways. FEB 27, 2023; Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button . MCWHORTER: Those are called contronyms, and literally has become a new contronym. Are the spoken origins of language one reason that words so often seem to be on the move? So some languages don't have number words. My big fat greek wedding, an american woman of greek ancestry falls in love with a very vanilla, american man. in your textbooks but when you're hanging out with friends. If you dont see any jobs posted there, feel free to send your resume and cover letter to [emailprotected] and well keep your materials on hand for future openings on the show. For example, if you take seeds and put them in the ground, that's one thing. Psychologist Ken Sheldon studies the science of figuring out what you want. When we come back, we dig further into the way that gender works in different languages and the pervasive effects that words can play in our lives. There are many scholars who would say, look, yes, you do see small differences between speakers of different languages, but these differences are not really significant; they're really small. Which I think is probably important with the reality that this edifice that you're teaching is constantly crumbling.
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